kotlin 扩展函数
https://www.kotlincn.net/docs/reference/extensions.html
扩展函数在android中的应用
fun AppCompatActivity.replaceFragmentInActivity(fragment: Fragment, @IdRes frameId: Int) { supportFragmentManager.transact { replace(frameId, fragment) }}fun AppCompatActivity.addFragmentToActivity(fragment: Fragment, tag: String) { supportFragmentManager.transact { add(fragment, tag) }}private inline fun FragmentManager.transact(action: FragmentTransaction.() -> Unit) { beginTransaction().apply { action() }.commit()}